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By refusing any extension on July 27, Russia has put an end to the agreement on grain exports from Ukraine via the Black Sea, signed on 22 July 2022 under the aegis of the United Nations and Turkey. Moscow denounced obstacles to trading its agricultural products, set up a de facto blockade of the Black Sea, and bombed several Ukrainian port facilities.
At the Russia-Africa summit in St. Petersburg on 27 and 28 July, the African Union called on Moscow to "urgently restore the agreement" on which several African countries are heavily dependent for their wheat and cooking oil supplies.
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